Python将图片转ASCII图形|少儿编程网

在20世纪90年代，大家都用电子邮件交流，但是当时的图片图形处理不太方便，有人就会在电子

邮件中包含一个文本图像，它被称为ASCII图形，如下图

（—.—）

\\\|///

(0 0) U

I--------------I |

| |----------|

| |

I--------------I

| |

__ __

在这个Python程序中，你可以从图像（如jpg和png文件）自动生成ASCII图形

需要的库：numpy,pillow(import时写作PIL)，argparse和一些Python自带库

该程序要在命令行运行，不能再IDLE等IDE运行（因为它要接受命令行参数，而不是input()）

代码可在：https://wwrv.lanzouh.com/izv6J0lom1kj

进行下载

源码：

'''
用法:python asciiImage.py --file{图像文件，如Hello,world.jpg等，自由输入文件名} --out {txt文件名，如Hello,world.txt} --scale 宽度比例 --cols 文本列数】 --morelevels 10或70
禁止转载
'''
import sys, random, argparse
import numpy as np
import math

from PIL import Image

gscale1 = "$@B%8&WM#*oahkbdpqwmZO0QLCJUYXzcvunxrjft/\|()1{}[]?-_+~<>i!lI;:,\"^`'. "
# 10 levels of gray
gscale2 = '@%#*+=-:. '

def getAverageL(image):
"""
Given PIL Image, return average value of grayscale value
"""
# get image as numpy array
im = np.array(image)
# get shape
w,h = im.shape
# get average
return np.average(im.reshape(w*h))

def covertImageToAscii(fileName, cols, scale, moreLevels):
"""
Given Image and dims (rows, cols) returns an m*n list of Images
"""
# declare globals
global gscale1, gscale2
# open image and convert to grayscale
image = Image.open(fileName).convert('L')
# store dimensions
W, H = image.size[0], image.size[1]
print("input image dims: %d x %d" % (W, H))
# compute width of tile
w = W/cols
# compute tile height based on aspect ratio and scale
h = w/scale
# compute number of rows
rows = int(H/h)

print("cols: %d, rows: %d" % (cols, rows))
print("tile dims: %d x %d" % (w, h))

# check if image size is too small
if cols > W or rows > H:
print("Image too small for specified cols!")
exit(0)

# ascii image is a list of character strings
aimg = []
# generate list of dimensions
for j in range(rows):
y1 = int(j*h)
y2 = int((j+1)*h)
# correct last tile
if j == rows-1:
y2 = H
# append an empty string
aimg.append("")
for i in range(cols):
# crop image to tile
x1 = int(i*w)
x2 = int((i+1)*w)
# correct last tile
if i == cols-1:
x2 = W
# crop image to extract tile
img = image.crop((x1, y1, x2, y2))
# get average luminance
avg = int(getAverageL(img))
# look up ascii char
if moreLevels:
gsval = gscale1[int((avg*69)/255)]
else:
gsval = gscale2[int((avg*9)/255)]
# append ascii char to string
aimg[j] += gsval

# return txt image
return aimg

# main() function
def main():
# create parser
descStr = "This program converts an image into ASCII art."
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=descStr)
# add expected arguments
parser.add_argument('--file', dest='imgFile', required=True)
parser.add_argument('--scale', dest='scale', required=False)
parser.add_argument('--out', dest='outFile', required=False)
parser.add_argument('--cols', dest='cols', required=False)
parser.add_argument('--morelevels',dest='moreLevels',action='store_true')

# parse args
args = parser.parse_args()

imgFile = args.imgFile
# set output file
outFile = 'out.txt'
if args.outFile:
outFile = args.outFile
# set scale default as 0.43 which suits a Courier font
scale = 0.43
if args.scale:
scale = float(args.scale)
# set cols
cols = 80
if args.cols:
cols = int(args.cols)

print('generating ASCII art...')
# convert image to ascii txt
aimg = covertImageToAscii(imgFile, cols, scale, args.moreLevels)

# open file
f = open(outFile, 'w')
# write to file
for row in aimg:
f.write(row + '\n')
# cleanup
f.close()
print("ASCII art written to %s" % outFile)

# call main
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()